Artículos:
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- Ana
Isabel Blanco García, “Cláusulas abusivas en los contratos a distancia y
fuera del establecimiento mercantil en la Directiva sobre derechos de los
consumidores”. Revista de estudios
europeos, nº 59 (2012) 9-40.
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- Janja Hojnik, “Free movement
of goods in a labyrinth: can Buy Irish
survive the crises?”. Common Market Law
Review,
Vol. 49 nº 1 (2012) 291-326.
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Artículos y resúmenes:
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● Derecho alimentario.
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- Irwin G. Martin y Annet Zakaryan, “Regulation of Herbal
Dietary Supplements: Is There a Better Way?”. Drug Information Journal, Vol. 46 nº 5 (2012) 532-544..
Abstract
This article outlines the importance of herbal dietary supplements regulation by providing a brief overview of history of supplement regulation in the US with emphasis placed on passage of the 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) and post-DSHEA enforcement actions. This review also addresses international aspects of dietary supplement regulatory processes. The controversy surrounding the separation of structure/function claims from health claims is examined. Safety issues are summarized and the following proposals are offered to improve the herbal dietary supplements regulatory system. First, herbal dietary supplements should be subject to more strict regulation by the FDA, which means treating them more like pharmaceuticals and not like food. Only pre-market approval can guarantee consumer access to safe and effective product. Second, a suggested simplified procedure allows the registration of a traditional herbal dietary supplement. Third, due to the compositional diversity and complexity of botanical substances, every new submission of nontraditional herbal supplement must be processed on a case-by-case basis. Fourth, a mandatory post-marketing reporting system of all adverse events should be established rather than the current serious adverse event reporting scheme. And finally, legislative reform is needed to change the regulatory system of dietary supplements.
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Key words: dietary supplements, herbals, regulation, safety
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- Luisa Menapace y GianCarlo Moschini, “Quality certification by geographical indications, trademarks and firm reputation”. European Review of of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 39 nº 4 (2012) 539-566.
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Abstract
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We develop a reputation model to study the concurrent use of trademarks and certification for food products with a geographical indication (GI). The model extends Shapiro's (1983) approach to modelling reputation to a situation in which two technologies for the production of quality are available, one of which is available only in the GI region. In this setting, trademarks capture firm-specific reputations, whereas GI certification captures a notion of collective reputation. The model shows that GI certification improves the ability of reputation to operate as a mechanism for assuring quality linked to some inherent attributes of a particular production area.
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Key words: asymmetric information, certification, geographical indications, quality, reputation, trademarks
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● Derecho del consumo
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- Patricia Hogwood, “Political
(Re)Learning and Consumer Culture in Post-GDR Society”. German Politics, Vol.
21 nº 21 (2012) 1-16.
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Abstract.
Private consumption may be seen both as a means of individual social legitimation and as an expression of collective values and identities. As such, consumer behaviour may evidence the nature and extent of adaptation of political values and orientations during periods of political transition. This study identifies and analyses recent trends in consumer behaviour in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) as expressions of identity adaptation. It argues that East Germans' distinctive socialisation, combined with the liminal experience of German unification, has promoted the development of a consumer culture that is compatible with liberal, late-capitalist values and yet differs in key respects from the West German ‘reference culture’. The emerging East German consumer culture can be characterised as pragmatic-experimental. The unusually politicised role of consumer cultures in the post-GDR transition trajectory enhances the potential for consumer behaviours to be co-constitutive, as well as illustrative, of East German political identity.
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Key words: Germany, consumer behaviour
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● Pesca
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- Xavier
Pons Rafols, “La Unión Europea y el acuerdo de la FAO sobre las medidas del
Estado rector del puerto destinadas a prevenir, desalentar y eliminar la pesca
ilegal, no declarada y no reglamentada”. Revista General de Derecho Europeo, nº
27 (2012). Véase la siguiente página de Internet (consultada el 24 de agosto de
2008): http://www.iustel.com/v2/revistas/detalle_revista.asp?id=13
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Resumen:
:
La pesca INDNR constituye en la actualidad una
de las amenazas más importantes para la conservación y ordenación de los
recursos pesqueros. La Unión Europea ha impulsado la actuación internacional y
liderado, desde la reglamentación adoptada en 2008, la lucha contra la pesca
INDNR a través del enfoque comercial y del enfoque de las medidas del Estado
rector del puerto para prevenir, desalentar y eliminar la pesca INDNR..
Esta actuación de la Unión Europea interacciona con la actuación internacional y, en particular, con la adopción por la Conferencia de la FAO en 2009 del Acuerdo sobre las medidas del Estado rector del puerto destinadas a prevenir, desalentar y eliminar la pesca ilegal, no declarada y no reglamentada. Este estudio analiza la influencia política y jurídica de la Unión Europea en la progresiva implementación práctica de las disposiciones de este Acuerdo y en su futura entrada en vigor, atendiendo a que la Unión Europea lo aprobó en julio de 2011, sumando así, hasta el momento, cuatro manifestaciones del consentimiento.
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● Sociología
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- E. Oakesa y Carole S. Slotterbacka, “Gender
differences in perceptions of the healthiness of foods”. Psychology & Health, Vol. 16 nº 1 (2001) 57-65..
Abstract
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Our perceptions of the healthiness of foods are thought to influence what we decide to eat. Reportedly, women (as compared to men) eat more nutritious foods and are more likely to consider health issues when deciding what to eat However, until now, few studies have investigated possible gender differences in perceptions of the healthiness of foods. In the present study, men and women answered questions pertaining to nutritional habits, then rated a variety of foods according to their healthfulness. Results indicated that women, compared to men, tended to emphasize fat content over nutrient levels when deciding what foods are healthy. If perceptions of food health influence consumption, it is likely that females, as compared to males, would be more likely to suffer from malnutrition.
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Key words: health, nutrition, gender, perceptions
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Libros y otros documentos
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- “Repenser l’acte de consommation pour le bien-être de tous: réflexions
sur la responsabilité individuelle des consommateurs”. Conseil de l’Europe, Estrasburgo, 2008, 179 págs..
- Geraint Howells, “The Tobacco challenge: legal policy and consumer protection”. Ashgate, Farnham (2011) 323 págs.
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